En español
El objetivo de este trabajo es actualizar, sistematizar y discutir la información cronológica, geográfica, morfológica y las funciones que tuvieron los perros (Canis familiaris) entre las sociedades prehispánicas del Noroeste argentino. Para ello se volvieron a estudiar registros previos, a los que se sumaron hallazgos inéditos aquí descriptos (NMI= 14). Los resultados indican que la especie se asocia exclusivamente a sociedades sedentarias agropastoriles. El hallazgo más temprano es de ca. 400-1000 años A.D., y la mayor abundancia y dispersión geográfica se registró durante el Período de Desarrollos Regionales y el Período Inca. Los perros del Noroeste argentino no pertenecían a la variedad sin pelo; eran de tamaño mediano a pequeño y principalmente del morfotipo braquicéfalo. Esta especie participó como acompañante de entierros humanos, fueron esporádicamente consumidos y/o utilizados como recursos peleteros, mientras que no eran relevantes como auxiliares de caza. Su rol como pastores permanece inconcluso.
En inglés
This work aims to update, systematize, and discuss the chronological, geographical, and morphological information as well as the functions that dogs (Canis familiaris) had among the pre- Hispanic societies of northwestern Argentina. For this purpose, previous records were re-examined, and new, unpublished findings (MNI= 14) are presented. The results show that the species was exclusively associated with sedentary agro-pastoral societies. The earliest discovery dates back approximately 400-1000 years A.D., and the highest abundance and geographic dispersion were recorded during the Regional Developments and Inca Periods. Dogs in the Northwestern region of Argentina were not of the hairless variety; they were of medium to small size and predominantly exhibited the brachycephalic morphotype. The dogs were found as companions in human burials, were sporadically consumed and/or used as fur resources. In addition, they were not relevant as hunting aids. Their role as herders is not well-defined.